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0000001549 00000 n 5.2 Solar Cells 33 5.3 Solar Modules 43 5.4 Solar Array 51 6. Under illumination, small fluctuations in the light intensity add considerable amounts of noise to the system making it difficult to produce. The students should attend the lab neatly with proper prescribed uniform. electron-hole pairs are generated in the regions on the either side of the junc- Before any cycle of experiments, a class is spent on demonstrating those experiments. This lecture is useful for Electronics B.Tech and B.Sc. 0000010316 00000 n You can model any number of solar cells connected in series using a single Solar Cell block by setting the parameter Number of series cells to a value larger than 1. 0000007976 00000 n Connect the solar cell to a potentiometer shown in Figure 3. 0000001571 00000 n junction (usually a p-n junction).When they are accelerated into a different • Draw a curve with voltage along axis and current along y axis to get the characteristics of the solar cell. Since solar cells convert light to electricity it might seem odd to measure the photovoltaic cells in the dark. Solar cells are usually coated with anti-reflective materials so that they absorb the maximum amount of light energy. Key measurements include maximum current and voltage, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and efficiency. 0000005038 00000 n Table-1 below provides a short summary about the development of the PV cells (Chaar et. 0000020683 00000 n Solar cell, Light source, Basic circuit , connecting wires etc. characteristics. The objective of this experiment is to explore solar cells as renewable energy sources and test their efficiency in converting solar radiation to electrical power. 0000006266 00000 n A solar cell is a semiconductor PN junction diode as shown in figure 1. 1. 0000017060 00000 n A simple solar cell experiment The following experiment was performed using a commercial polycrystalline silicon solar cell with an active area of 8.5 cm X … 3. Connecting wires . Connect the solar cell to the potentiometer and multimeters as shown in Fig.2. 3 4. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. 0000014109 00000 n The power of sun is given in terms of the solar constant, the power spectrum and power losses in earth atmosphere expressed by the so-called air mass. 0000019838 00000 n To set up the experiment follow these directions: Set up a solar cell at a set distance from a light source or in full sun. called the Photovoltaic effect. January 29, 2017 Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Incandescent amp with power supply 3. of the dark characteristics of solar cells is the spatially resolved mapping of the local current density of solar cells in the dark. Multimeters 6. Standardized testing allows the comparison of devices manufactured at different companies and laboratories with different technologies to be compared. 0000019014 00000 n Concentrators. 0000005017 00000 n “Rated electrical characteristics are within 10 percent of measured values at Standard Test Conditions of: 1000 W/m2, 25°C cell temperature and solar spectral irradiance per ASTM E 892 or irradiation of AM 1.5 spectrum.” In the next experiment, we will see if ambient light has any effect on the solar cell. 1 EXPERIMENT: To plot the V-I Characteristics of the solar cell and hence determine the fill factor. The efficiency of a solar cell is the ratio of the electrical power it delivers to the load, to the optical power incident on the cell. 3- Record the solar cell current and observe the turn speed of the propeller of the electric motor. 0000011812 00000 n APPARATUS : These 11,628 cells are oriented in the optimal direction for exposure to sunlight. 0000007731 00000 n 0000002075 00000 n 1 PROCEDURE Before being able to commence our experiment were to test the potential power that the 150 W flood light would be able to emit at the given height. Solar Cell I-V Characteristic Curves are graphs of output voltage versus current for different levels of insolation and temperature and can tell you a lot about a PV (Photovoltaic-which converts light energy into electricity) cell or panel’s ability to convert sunlight into electricity. Until 1994 there was no experimental technique available which could map the forward current of a solar cell with sufficient accuracy. salman The record notebook should be covered with the laminated brown sheet neatly and they should bring it to every lab class. The Photovoltaic effect The cross-hatched area indicates the power generated by the solar cell. If the voltage and current corresponding to this largest area are denoted by Vm & Im, then the maximum useful power is Vm x Im. Set the potentiometer at the minimum. “Rated electrical characteristics are within 10 percent of measured values at Standard Test Conditions of: 1000 W/m2, 25°C cell temperature and solar spectral irradiance per ASTM E 892 or irradiation of AM 1.5 spectrum.” lizers are dark blue, the characteristic color of solar cells. Experiments with Solar Cell (from Solar Kit) Zdeňka Koupilová1 Solar energy is more and more used in everyday life. As the field 5.2 Solar Cells 33 5.3 Solar Modules 43 5.4 Solar Array 51 6. The difficulty lies in converting it efficiently and cheaply. APPARATUS: Photo cell (Selenium) mounted in the metal box with connections brought out at terminals, Lamp holder with 60W bulb, Two moving coil analog meters (1000µA & 500mV) mounted on the front … Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. • Repeat the experiment for at least three more distances. Draw one more graph between power and voltage to show power variation. V-I characteristic of a solar cell can be obtained using this apparatus. Solar cell characteristics experiment. was first observed by French physicist A.E Becquerel in 1839. Student. In this video we will Study the Characteristics of Solar cell. 0000013047 00000 n characteristics of a solar cell, and hence measure important photovoltaic parameters, such as the fill factor (E) and light conversion efficiency. Dividing this number by 365 yields about 6.8 KWhm-2 of power per day.The above data shows that there is significant power available in solar energy. In addition to everyday objects such as solar calculators or solar garden lamps, photovoltaic power plants are becoming more and more common. Solar cells are the semiconductor devices which produce electric voltage • Those can, claim: Solar energy is tenuous, un-dependable, and expensive beyond practicality. The markers indicate the voltage and current, V m and I m, for which the maximum power, P m is generated. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The ratio of maximum useful power and ideal power can also be calculated. Solar Cell Measuring the electrical characteristics of a solar cell is critical for determining the device’s output performance and efficiency. ... the temperature rises. thus some of the light energy is converted into electrical energy. %PDF-1.3 %���� Internally the block still simulates only the equations for a single solar cell, but scales up the output voltage according to the number of cells. Loading... Close. Principle . If However, there are ambivalent views about solar, or photovoltaic, cells' ability to supply a significant amount of energy relative to global needs. Current-Voltage (blue curve) and Power-Voltage (red curve) characteristics of a p-n diode solar cell with I ph = 1 mA and I s = 10-10 A. 1 x User Manual Read more. Light shining on the solar cell produces both a current and a voltage to generate electric power. 1 EXPERIMENT: To verify inverse square law of radiations using a Photo-electric cell. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. 0000007490 00000 n The effect of concentration on the IV characteristics of a solar cell. Solar cells convert power of sunlight into electric power. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. fill factor of a solar cell. 2. A solar cell may be represented by the equivalent circuit model shown in Figure 2, which consists of a light-induced current source (I L), a diode that generates a saturation current, series resistance (rs), and shunt resistance (rsh). Watch Queue Queue. APPRATUS REQUIRED: Solar cell mounted on the front panel in a metal box with connections brought out on terminals. 0000008834 00000 n 0000015822 00000 n Due to the characteristics of the lithium battery material, the ambient temperature will overheat and the chemical reaction will occur, which will inevitably cause safety problems. PROCEDURE: 1. in a process called two photon photovoltaic effect. Good solar sites usually have greater than 2500 KWhm-2 of power available per year. Ammeter (0 - 20A) MC 1 2. Solar cell characteristics experiment. Solar cell is a p-n junction . Skip navigation Sign in. 0000001128 00000 n The first use of the PV cell was to power a satellite in 1958 and they are still used to power some spacecraft and satellites. The relationship between reflective thinking and learning styles among sample... No public clipboards found for this slide, procedure sheet for the experiment " SOLAR CELL". The standards for cell testing are: Air mass 1.5 spectrum (AM1.5) for terrestrial cells and Air Mass 0 (AM0) for space cells. We know that a built in voltage exists across a 0000018993 00000 n Let the junction be illuminated. However, the first solar cell has been developed with an efficiency of 6% at the late 1940s. solar.xls - solar1.gif. • Those pro, contend: Solar energy is abundant, in­ exhaustible, clean, and cheap. 0000018162 00000 n THEORY : Connect the voltage meter in parallel with the solar cells, and the current meter in series to measure the output voltage and current respectively. The photo- If any questions regarding this matter please contact me whatsapp number 9416939577 As an introduction, therefore, Chapter 1 is devoted to a brief characterization of sunlight and basic electric parameters of solar cells. Solar cell 2. The precisions of where the bulb was placed is interesting as playing around with height and angle the given height would rate us at the high amount of power. Read PDF Solar Cell Lab Manual Solar Cell Lab Manual|timesb font size 10 format If you ally need such a referred solar cell lab manual ebook that will give you worth, get the totally best seller from us currently from several preferred authors. This is the total sunlight power that a square meter of land will receive in one year. Don't leave the solar charger in the car. become free. Introduction & … 5 1 FOR SAFE INSTALLATION WORk uL REquIREd INFORMATION: Artificially concentrated sunlight shall not be directed on the module. 0000013304 00000 n how to write an internship reflective diary. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Components of a solar photovoltaic system 57 6.1 Batteries 58 6.2 Charge Controllers 73 6.3 Lamps and Other Loads 80 6.4 DC-AC Inverters 86 6.5 DC-DC Converters 90 6.6 Wiring and installation practices 92 7. 3 GENERAL LAB INSTRUCTIONS 1. Search. The large surface area indicated in light blue is exposed to incident light energy. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. band absorbs energy and being excited jump to the conduction band and During the Solar Cell Energy lab three flexible solar cells were combined in series and exposed to solar radiation at different angles in one axis of rotation. Components of a solar photovoltaic system 57 6.1 Batteries 58 6.2 Charge Controllers 73 6.3 Lamps and Other Loads 80 6.4 DC-AC Inverters 86 6.5 DC-DC Converters 90 6.6 Wiring and installation practices 92 7. This effect is 4- Without changing the desk lamp and solar cell distance, cover the solar cell with a blue filter. The maximum useful power is the area of largest rectangle that can be formed under the V-I curve. 68 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 70 /H [ 1203 368 ] /L 174118 /E 57316 /N 3 /T 172640 >> endobj xref 68 39 0000000016 00000 n These excited electron diffuce and some reach the rectifying However, dark IV measurements are invaluable in examining the diode properties. 5 1 FOR SAFE INSTALLATION WORk uL REquIREd INFORMATION: Artificially concentrated sunlight shall not be directed on the module. H�b``a``������������bl, '5\ZW �2��2G�Cn��/x�V:�Lsy�� (���� a����B4*��BM�ҥ@Z���"���Y60. 0000014130 00000 n Initial Characterization & Annealing (Cobleigh) Lab 8 Post‐Anneal Characterization (Cobleigh) Lab 9 Experiments (Cobleigh) Lab 10. Characteristic curves of a solar cell www.phywe.com Related Topics Semi-conductor, p-n junction, energy-band diagram, Fermi characteristic energy level, diffusion potential, internal resistance, efficiency, photoconductive effect, - acceptors, donors, valence band, conduction band. material by a built in potential, this generates an electro motive force and Optical filters 5. The series resistance has a greater effect on performance at high intensity and the shunt resistance has a greater effect on cell performance at low light intensity. Light shining on the solar cell produces both a current and a voltage to generate electric power. A commonly used parameter that characterizes a solar cell is the fill factor, FF, which is defined as the ratio of P MAX to the area of the rectangle formed by VOC and I SC. 0000008855 00000 n To draw the I-V characteristics of a solar cell and to find the efficiency and Around the plane, In our experiment, the solar cell and motor had V = 1.1 volts and I = 0.11 amps. formance of the finished solar cell (e.g., spectral response, maximum power out-put). AIM : A solar cell is an electronic device which directly converts sunlight into electricity. 0000017301 00000 n See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. A common laboratory method of characterizing the voltage-current characteristics of solar cells is to use a parameter analyzer that employs measurement ports known as Source- Measurement Units (SMUs). INSTRUCTIONAL MANUAL Photo Cell Characteristics Applied Science Department NITTTR, Sector-26, Chandigarh. Fig.4. LAB MANUAL 2010 Author: Todd Kaiser Montana State University Solar Cell LAB MANUAL July 2009 This manual was designed for use with the Montana Microfabrication Facility at Montana State University. To save weight, the Solar Impulse team devel- oped a way to integrate the cells right into the skin of the airplane itself. The cells were attached to a levered plane with a protractor that acted like a “see-saw” to adjust the angle of the solar cells to the Sun. 0000020707 00000 n Title: Microsoft Word - Experiment No 1 Author: Home Created Date: 3/7/2011 1:09:33 PM No. It was a manufac-turing challenge to make the structure both strong enough and as light as possible. When sunlight or other sufficiently energetic 2. Specific performance characteristics of solar cells are summarized, while the method(s) and equipment used for measuring these characteristics are emphasized. 0000003543 00000 n 0000015843 00000 n 0000003296 00000 n light is shown on the junction, there is current in the circuit. voltaic effect can also occur when two photons are absorbed simultaneously A solar cell is an electronic device which directly converts sunlight into electricity. Theory Solar Power The sun produces 3.9 × 1026 watts of energy every second. The intention of the manual is to provide lab users and MSU students with a complete description of the 5- Record the cell current in table 3. Under this condition many excess tion via absorption of photons. al., 2011). This apparatus allows students in introductory physics course to plot I-V characteristics of a solar cell by a simple experiment. Name of the apparatus Range Type Quantity 1. light is incident upon the photodiode, the electrons present in the valence A concentrator is a solar cell designed to operate under illumination greater than 1 sun. 2- Connect the solar cell with the electric motor and a DMM to measure current. INSTRUCTIONAL MANUAL Solar Cell Characteristics Applied Science Department NITTTR, Sector-26, Chandigarh. WARM TIPS: 1. Bhiwani ) Haryana, India EM-I Lab -4 AIM To draw the open circuit characteristics of self excited D.C. shunt generator APPARATUS REQUIRED:- Sl. Normally no external bias is applied to the cell. (A) Measure the IV characteristics of a single solar cell . solar cell characteristics to study the response of solar cell 0000011549 00000 n Fig 4: Experimental arrangement for solar cell characteristics APPARATUS: 1. 0000014994 00000 n 0000014973 00000 n Of that amount, 1,386 watts fall on a square meter of Earth’s atmosphere and even less reaches Earth’s surface. Determination of solar cell characteristics. You can change your ad preferences anytime. 0000010077 00000 n Experiment Electrical & Electronics Engineering Department BRCM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY BAHAL – 127028 ( Distt. p-n junction but this voltage cannot deliver current in a external circuit. 0000001203 00000 n Potentiometer 4. Optical bench and clamp 7. 1 crystalline silicon solar cell (c-Si) 1 amorphous silicon solar cell (a-Si) 1 copper indium gallinide diselenide solar cell (CIGS) Sunlight or halogen spotlight incandescent light source; Procedure. 1. 0000019816 00000 n Set the irradiance to 1000 W/m 2, and temperature to 25 ℃. “selenium”. trailer << /Size 107 /Info 67 0 R /Root 69 0 R /Prev 172630 /ID[<2c3ed878e1e8f2aa8f27e09e324e8742><2c3ed878e1e8f2aa8f27e09e324e8742>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 69 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 66 0 R /PageLabels 65 0 R >> endobj 105 0 obj << /S 125 /T 241 /L 286 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 106 0 R >> stream The most fundamental of solar cell characterization techniques is the measurement of cell efficiency. Calculating the power of a solar cell. 0000004766 00000 n There is some truth to both of these views. PRINCIPLE : Note that most textbooks on solar cells still gen− erally assume that a solar cell behaves homogeneously [11,12]. 0000018141 00000 n across their terminals when light is incident on it(by photovoltaic effect). Each SMU is capable of providing a known voltage and measuring the resulting current or vice versa. The power of a solar cell is the product of the voltage across the solar cell times the current through the solar cell. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Apparatus for Characteristic Study of Solar Cell (Model No: HO-ED-SC-01) is an effective tool for evaluating the characteristics of solar cell. This video is unavailable.

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